046

Known dates

Single year

1923-
 
-1958

$f 1923-11-05 $2 edtf
 
$g 1958 $2 edtf
(only the year of death is known)

Year/Month
(needed to resolve conflict)

1923 November-

$f 1923-11-05 $2 edtf

Year/Month/Date
(needed to resolve conflict)

1964 June 27-

$f 1964-06-27 $2 edtf

Range of years

1923-2001

$f 1923-11-05 $g 2001-07-01 $2 edtf

Early A.D. date

65 A.D.-104 A.D.

$f 0065 $g 0104 $2 edtf

B.C. date
 

active 361 B.C.-365 B.C.
 

$s -0360 $t -0364  $2 edtf
(there is a difference of one because there is no year zero)

B.C. date - A.D. date

15 B.C.-19 A.D.

$f -0014 $g 0019 $2 edtf

Unspecified dates

Century
(span of years)

active 18th century

$s 17
use the first two digits of the cardinal year instead of the ordinal date: active in the 18th century, or 1700s, gets coded with 17
(don't code with edtf)

Century
(specific unkown date)

19th century

$f 19XX $2 edtf
use the edtf coding for centuries when the date is unknown but can be specified (like a birth or death date). if the date represents a span of unknown years, prefer the notation above.

Over two centuries

active 13th century-14th century

$s 12 $t 13

B.C. century

active 7th century B.C.

$s -06

BC. century - A.D. century

active 1st century B.C.-1st century A.D.

$s -00 $t 00

Unspecified day

1978-

$f 1978-10 $2 edtf

Unspecified month

1978-

$f 1978 $2 edtf

Estimated decade

--
(no date in heading)

$f 196X $2 edtf

Approximate dates

Approximate year

approximately 828-
 
approximately 1866-

$f 0828~ $2 edtf
 
$f 1866-06-11~ $2edtf
a qualification character to the immediate right of a component applies to that component as well as to all components to the left.

Approximate month

1927-

$f 1927-~11 $2edtf
a qualification character to the immediate left of a component applies to that component only.

Approximate day

1948-2002

$f 1948-02-~09 $g 2002-10-11 $2edtf
a qualification character to the immediate left of a component applies to that component only.

One of two years

1716 or 1717-1796

$f [1716,1717] $g 1796 $2 edtf
(no space after the comma)

One of two dates

1864-1949

$f 1864-02-12 $g [1949-08-24,1949-08-25] ‡2 edtf

One of two dates (multiple sources)

1864-1949

046 ## $f 1864-02-12 $2 edtf
046 ## $g 1949-08-24 $v Benezit online, April 19, 2018 $2 edtf
046 ## $g 1949-08-25 $v New York Times WWW site, April 19, 2018 $2 edtf
 
(three separate 046 fields)

Range of years

active 1556-approximately 1601
 
active approximately 1755-approximately 1775
(“approximately” is repeated if both years are approximate)

$s 1556 $t 1601~ $2 edtf
 
 
$s 1755~ $t 1775~ $2 edtf
 

Approximate century
 

active approximately 12th century
 
active approximately 8th  century

$s 11~
 
 
$s 07~

Uncertain dates

Probable year

1846?-
 
1954?-

$f 1846? $2 edtf
 
$f 1954-11-12? $2edtf
a qualification character to the immediate right of a component applies to that component as well as to all components to the left

Probable day

1846-

$f 1846-06-?22 $2 edtf
a qualification character to the immediate left of a component applies to that component only.

Probable month

1846-

$f 1846-?06 $2 edtf

Sub-year groupings

Spring

--
(Spring, 2002)

$k 2002-21 $2 edtf
 
Use:
21 - independent of location
25 - Northern hemisphere
29 - Southern hemisphere

Summer

--
(Summer, 2005)

$k 2005-22 $2 edtf
 
Use:
22 - independent of location
26 - Northern hemisphere
30 - Southern hemisphere

Autumn

--
(Fall, 1997)

$k 1997-23 $2 edtf
 
Use:
23 - independent of location
27 - Northern hemisphere
31 - Southern hemisphere

Winter

--
(Winter, 1944)

$k 1944-24 $2 edtf
 
Use:
24 - independent of location
28 - Northern hemisphere
32 - Southern hemisphere

Quarter 1

--

$k 2004-33 $2 edtf

Quarter 2

--

$k 1967-34 $2 edtf

Quarter 3

--

$k 1998-35 $2 edtf

Quarter 4

--

$k 2017-36 $2 edtf

Quadrimester 1

--

$k 2007-37 $2 edtf

Quadrimester 2

--

$k 1988-38 $2 edtf

Quadrimester 3

--

$k 2011-39 $2 edtf

Semester 1

--

$k 2018-40 $2 edtf

Semester 2

--

$k 2003-41 $2 edtf

Personal names

‡f date of birth
‡g date of death
‡s start period
‡e end period
‡2 date scheme

Corporate names
Jurisdictions

‡s start period
‡t end period
‡2 date scheme

Conferences

‡s start period
‡t end period
‡2 date scheme

Works
Expressions

$k beginning or single date created
$l ending date created
‡2 date scheme