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At a low level of digitization of print materials is a simply derived reference image that can be created using automated scanners or smartphones, with no intended determination for long term preservation. Scanning devices or smartphones require no specialized skill in lighting, composition or focusing as devices automatically determine settings. This can be a very useful image but is not optimized for OCR or other high level online research of materials. Files created by these devices (PDF, JPEG, PNG) are not intended for optimized enhancement and are often low-resolution, ideal for reference, speedy transfer, and portability, but insufficient for quality reproduction.
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